Saad Iqbal Quality of concrete depends on many factors among which the most vulnerable and defenseless is workmanship. During pouring the concrete and execution of work cautious supervision is imperative. The supervisor has to look for many things including the finishing of concrete, pouring quantity, at-site testing, unremitting and continual supply of material from the batching plant. … Read more
Materials added to concrete during or before mixing are referred to as admixtures. They are used to improve the performance of concrete in certain situations as well as to lower its cost. There is a rather well-known saying regarding admixtures, to the effect that Different Types of Admixtures “they are to concrete as beauty aids … Read more
Structural lightweight aggregate concrete is an important and versatile material in modern construction. I has many and varied applications: multistory building frames and floors, curtain walls, shell roofs, folded plates, bridges, prestressed or precast elements of all types, and others. In many cases the architectural expression of form combined with functional design can be achieved … Read more
Mostly concrete structures are failed due to poor workmanship which is a very tricky factor to control. Structures build with concrete has a life both from serviceability point of view and from structural point of view and this life depends solely on the quality of the material while placing.The quality of concrete is tested by … Read more
Forces that are acting perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beam cause bending stresses which are termed as flexural stresses, beside flexural stresses beams also undergo shear stresses and normal stresses. We know from the basic concepts of internal forces in the beams that whenever some load either dead load, live load, imposed load, … Read more