A waist slab is a type of slab that is typically used in reinforced concrete staircases. It is a horizontal structural element that connects the stair treads and risers, and provides support for the weight of the stairway and any loads that are placed on it. It is a like a ramp with steps. The … Read more
OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) and PPC (Portland Pozzolanic Cement) are two types of cement that are commonly used in the construction industry. Both have their own unique properties and characteristics, and the choice of which one to use will depend on the specific application and the desired outcome. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Ordinary Portland Cement … Read more
An arrow painted on a surface means: Painted arrow is a symbol that is used to indicate direction or movement of traffic on the road. It’s a directional symbol that you must follow during travel. The arrow is a simple, yet powerful visual cue that can convey a wide range of meanings, depending on the … Read more
A cross staff, also known as a Jacob’s staff or a surveyor’s staff, is a measuring instrument that was historically used in land surveying and navigation. The instrument consists of a long, straight staff with a transverse bar, or crosspiece, that can be moved up and down the staff. The cross staff is used to … Read more
The least count of theodolite is 20 seconds. For different types, the vernier theodolite is less precise with least count of 20 seconds while optical theodolite is more precise with least count of 1 second. In comparison to total station it is less precise as the least count for total station is 1 second. The … Read more