Surveying is said to be heart of civil engineering. Every single activity of construction starts from survey, whether you are construction pile foundation, you need a surveyor to locate and layout that pile according to the coordinates i.e. northing and easting along with chainage, reduced distance (RD) from a bench mark. similarly the steel reinforcement … Read more
Although hundreds of stilling basisns and energy-dissipating devices have been designed in conjunction with spillways, outlet works, and canal structures, it is often necessary to make model studies of individual structures to be certain that these will operate as anticipated. The reason for these repetitive tests is that a factor of uncertainty exists regarding the … Read more
The construction of dams ranks with the earliest and most fundamental of civil engineering activities. All great civilizations have been identified with the construction of storage reservoirs appropriate to their needs, in the earliest instances to satisfy irrigation demands arising through the development and expansion of organized agriculture. Operating within constraints imposed by local circumstance, … Read more
The effects of natural aggregates on the properties of concrete Concrete is defined as a workable mixture of a cementations material mostly cement mixed in suitable proportion with fine and coarser aggregate along with water. Concrete depending upon reinforcement is of two types, plain cement concrete (P.C.C) and reinforced concrete (R.C.C). Download Advanced Concrete Technology … Read more
Environmental engineering is essential for development of facilities for protection of the environment and for the proper management of natural resources. The environmental engineer places special attention on the biological, chemical, and physical reactions in the air, land, and water environments and on improved technology for integrated management systems, including reuse, recycling, and recovery measures. … Read more